Whenever the phrase “Memorandum” is used before any account, it means that a double-entry book-keeping method is not supported. A Memorandum Revaluation account is established where the partnership firm is not willing to adjust the value of the New Balance sheet assets and liabilities at the time of admission and retirement. In most cases, the partnership firm creates a ‘Revaluation Account’ at the time of admission/retirement, however, in this situation, the revaluation effect is only shown in the Partners’ Capital Accounts, not in the Balance Sheet.
A revaluation account is a nominal account created to deliver and distribute profit or loss resulting from an increase or decrease in the book value of the partnership firm’s assets and/or liabilities at the time of a change in profit sharing ratio, the retirement of a partner, admission of a partner, and death of a partner.
When partners do not want to change or modify the value of liabilities and assets, a Memorandum Revaluation Account (MRSA) is formed. It’s a Nominal Account, the same as the Revaluation Account.
Nominal accounts are accounts relating to loss, expense, revenue, or gains. E.g. buying account, selling account, salary account, commission account, etc. Either profit or loss is the result of the nominal account and is eventually transferred into the capital account.
The nominal account is a report of income (expenses, income, loss, profit). Unlike the balance sheet accounts(assets, liability, equity of owners) which are known as permanent accounts, Nominal account is sometimes called temporary accounts. So at the start of every accounting year, nominal accounting begins with a zero balance. During the term, all profits and losses are accumulated and the balance returned to the zero balance is transferred to a permanent account by the end of every accounting year.
The Memorandum Revaluation Account Format
FIRST PART: The Credit side shows the increase in assets and decrease in liabilities in this section. Liabilities are also increased while assets are reduced on the debit side. The profit or loss effect is dispersed in their old ratio to the old partners.
SECOND PART: The Debit side of this account shows the rise in assets and decrease in liabilities, whereas the Credit side shows the increase in liabilities and decrease in assets. The net effect, in the new ratio, whether profit or loss, is assigned to all partners.
To put it another way, the first part is prepared to record changes in the value of liabilities and assets, while the second portion is prepared to cancel out the first part’s changes. The explanation for this is those reverse entries are used to restore previous assets and liabilities statistics. It is done at the time of the new partner’s admittance for the new partner to participate in the restoration of the old figures.
In general, the memorandum will be issued where there is a deviation from the terms of reference and decision reached in the initial understanding, and the company’s declared financials may otherwise be affected.
As a result, Memorandums are created to invalidate the effect of any changes in books of account, if any, as a result of changes in agreed-upon terms.
These are written in such a manner that the unit finances are not modified and any changes between the old partners which are departing and the new partners are settled.
The first part’s balance (profit or loss) is transferred to Former Partners’ Capital Accounts in their old profit-sharing ratio. The second part of the balance shall be put into the new profit sharing ratio in all Partner Capital Accounts (including new admission partners and retiring members of a partner).
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Admission of a Partner: Treatment of Goodwill
Depending on the new partner’s share of profits, he will either pay a sum of money directly to the old partners (through the firm or privately) or, after recording the new partner’s capital, the new partner’s His portion of goodwill will be subtracted from his capital account, with credit granted to the old partners in proportion to their future profit sacrifice.
The latter is an indirect way of goodwill by the new partner. The payment is appropriate because the new partner will receive a portion of the profits generated by the other partners’ shares. It is believed that for such a loss, the old partners should be compensated.
The following are the numerous options for goodwill:
(i) The new partner brings goodwill in the form of cash that is left in the company.
(ii) The new partner contributes goodwill in the form of cash, but the previous partners take the cash.
(iii) The sum of goodwill is paid to the previous partners privately by the newly admitted partner.
(iv) The newly admitted partner would not pay cash for goodwill; instead, an adjustment entry is made, debiting the new partner’s capital account with his share of goodwill and crediting the amount to the old partners’ capital accounts in the sacrifice ratio. This entry decreases the newly admitted partner capital by the amount of its goodwill share and leads to the payment of the new partner’s goodwill to the former partners.
In the above instances, the ratio at which goodwill must be attributed to the previous partners has to be determined before examining the entries to be made. In the previous profit-share- ratio goodwill has traditionally been given to old partners and, the amount was shared to all the partners in the new profit-sharing ratio if it was to be shared.
There is no question that this should happen when the relationship between the existing partners remains the same with the entrance of a new person as a partner. But what if, as a result of the addition of a new partner, the profit-sharing ratio among existing partners is also altered?
If giving payments in respect of goodwill to former partners is viewed as compensation for their giving a portion of their profits to the new partner, then the amount to be credited to partners should obviously be in the ratio of loss of profit. Assume that A and B, who share profits in a 3:2 ratio, accept C as a partner, and the new profit-sharing ratio is 2: 2: 1. It is clear that B suffers no consequences as a result of C’s admission. He used to get 2/5ths of the earnings, and he still gets 2/5ths of the profits. Because A is the only one who has suffered, any benevolence brought in by C should be awarded to only A.
As a result, it is reasonable to credit a new partner’s goodwill to the old partners in the proportion that they suffer as a result of the new partner’s admittance. It is logical to admit, when a new partner is admitted, that the value of the assets occurring (or the losses that have happened up to the date of admission) in the assets should not benefit.
Revaluation of Assets and Liabilities
As a result, liabilities and assets are revalued, and former partners are credited or debited with the net loss or profit, as the case may be, in the proportions in which they have previously shared losses and profits. Partners may approvee to adopt the modification in the value of assets and liabilities and modify the figures appropriately, or they may approve that the assets and liabilities should continue to show in the company‘s records at the old figures.
(a) When the value of assets rises, there should only be a credit on the Revaluation Account side and the assets should be debited with the increases.
(b) If asset values decrease, the Revaluation Account should be debited and the specific assets should be credited with the decrease in value.
Note: If the value of investments, debtors, or stock decreases, the Revaluation Account should be debited and an appropriate provision account should be credited.
If a provision has already been made against an asset and its value rises, the entry should be to credit the Revaluation Account and debit the Provision rather than (a) above.
(c) An increase in liability amounts is a loss. If the rise isn’t certain but predicted, the credit should be applied to an adequate provision account.
(d) Any reduction of liability amounts shall be a profit and therefore the Revaluation Account should be credited and accounts of liabilities debited with the new and old difference.
(e) A transfer to old partners’ current or capital accounts in the old profit-sharing ratio should subsequently close the revaluation account. If the debits is more than the credits, the loss is recorded as a debit to the partners’ current or capital accounts and a credit to the Revaluation Account. When the credits surpass the debits, there’s a reverse entry.
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Conclusion
With this article, we were able to deduce that when a partnership firm refuses to adjust the value of the New Balance Sheet assets and liabilities at the time of admission and retirement, a Memorandum Revaluation Account is created. In addition, a memorandum will be issued if there is a deviation from the terms and conditions and conclusion reached in the initial understanding, and the company’s stated financials may be affected as a result.